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North by Northwest

Quentin Billard

Réalisé juste après « Vertigo », « North  by Northwest » (La Mort aux trousses) permit au grand Alfred Hitchcock  de nous offrir l’un de ses meilleurs films, ou du moins l’un de ses  films les plus connus, et aussi les plus accessibles. D’aucun diront  d’ailleurs que « North by Northwest » représente la quintessence même de  l’art hollywoodien dans son côté le plus spectaculaire et théâtral qui  soit, un pur divertissement en somme. Beaucoup considèrent d’ailleurs «  North by Northwest » comme l’un des premiers grands thrillers d’action  qui influencera par la suite toutes les productions de suspense musclé  des années 60 jusqu’à de nos jours - pour un film datant de 1959, ce  n’est quand même pas si mal ! « North by Northwest » raconte l’histoire  d’un paisible publicitaire nommé Roger Thornhill (Cary Grant). Ce  dernier rencontre alors des hommes qui le prennent pour un certain  George Kaplan. Les mystérieux individus qui travaillent pour le compte  de l’espion Phillip Vandamm (James Mason) l’enlèvent après l’avoir  drogué et essaient de le tuer en maquillant son meurtre en accident.  Mais Thornhill, se retrouvant alors au volant d’une voiture, reprend  finalement ses esprits à temps et réussit à échapper de peu à une mort  annoncée. Après avoir finalement réussi à semer ses poursuivants,  Thornhill va voir la Police et essaie de raconter son histoire mais en  vain, personne ne semble le croire. Pire encore, les choses s’aggravent  lorsqu’on continue de le prendre pour George Kaplan et qu’il est  finalement accusé d’avoir commis un meurtre aux Nations Unies.  Désormais, Thornhill doit fuir et trouver un moyen de prouver son  innocence. Il croisera alors le chemin de la belle Eve Kendall (Eva  Marie Saint), une agente de la CIA qui traque Vandamm sans relâche.  Thornhill tombera très rapidement amoureux d’Eve, et pour elle, il sera  prêt à rentrer dans le jeu et à servir d’appât à Vandamm pour permettre  son arrestation et réussir ainsi à prouver son innocence. « North by  Northwest » réunit donc toutes les recettes habituelles du style  d’Hitchcock dans l’un de ses films les plus célèbres - et peut être  aussi l’un des plus populaires - curieusement, c’est peut être aussi  l’un de ses thrillers les moins psychologiques, davantage orienté ici  sur le suspense et l’action ! A ce sujet, la séquence de l’attaque de  l’avion dans le champ fait assurément partie des grandes scènes  d’anthologie du cinéma, une scène entièrement tournée sans musique et  sans dialogues (avec juste les bruitages), le genre de séquence célèbre  que l’on continue toujours d’étudier même encore aujourd’hui dans les  écoles de cinéma du monde entier. Grâce à une mise en scène extrêmement  riche et élaborée, un scénario habile d’Ernest Lehman et une performance  remarquable de Cary Grant, Eva Marie Saint et James Mason, « North by  Northwest » est devenu un classique incontournable du cinéma, un  divertissement haut de gamme réalisé par le maître du suspense, Alfred  Hitchcock, alors plus que jamais au sommet de sa forme lorsqu’il tourne  ce film en 1959.


Alfred Hitchcock confia de nouveau la musique de  « North by Northwest » à son grand complice, Bernard Herrmann, qui  signe là l’une de ses plus grandes partitions pour un film d’Hitchcok -  et peut être même l’une de ses partitions les plus accessibles et les  plus populaires. A l’instar du film lui-même, la musique d’Herrmann  s’avère être ici résolument plus accessible et moins fantaisiste ou  torturée que ce que le compositeur fait habituellement sur les films  d’Hitchcock. Néanmoins, l’ensemble conserve toujours ce suspense et  cette tension omniprésente du début jusqu’à la fin du film. Mais à  l’inverse de certaines partitions plus anciennes du compositeur, celle  de « North by Northwest » s’impose avant tout par la richesse de ses  différents thèmes, développés ici à la manière de leitmotive wagnériens,  chose rare chez Herrmann lorsqu’on sait que le compositeur n’a jamais  beaucoup apprécié le système du leitmotiv, comme le disait Herrmann  lui-même:


«  La phrase brève présente certains avantages. Je n’aime pas le système  des leitmotive. N’oubliez jamais que les spectateurs n’écoutent qu’à  moitié, et la phrase brève est plus facile à suivre. La raison pour  laquelle je n’aime pas les mélodies, c’est qu’elles doivent s’élaborer à  travers huit ou seize mesures, ce qui vous étouffe en tant que  compositeur. »Bernard Herrmann


Ainsi,  Herrmann résume parfaitement sa pensée au sujet des thèmes musicaux,  une pensée qui coïncide parfaitement avec le travail effectué par le  compositeur sur « North by Northwest », puisque les thèmes de sa  partition sont plutôt courts et concis, et donc plus facile à mémoriser  pour le spectateur. D’ailleurs, paradoxalement, la musique de « North by  Northwest » s’avère pourtant être l’une des partitions les plus  thématiques du compositeur pour un film d’Hitchcock. Probablement est-ce  aussi la raison pour laquelle cela reste l’une des oeuvres les plus  accessibles et les plus populaires du compositeur. Ainsi donc, sa  partition s’articule autour d’une série de thèmes, avec pour commencer  le thème principal associé à l’idée de la course poursuite tout au long  du film, un thème qui prend en fait des allures de fandango, une danse  traditionnelle espagnole d’origine andalouse écrite ici dans une mesure à  3/8 (« Overture »). Ce thème est exposé pour la première fois dans le  générique de début, avec une orchestration très fouillée comme toujours  chez le compositeur : bois, cors, trompettes en sourdine, cordes,  tambourins et percussions diverses, etc. Le motif rythmique de cette  fandango est ainsi répété plusieurs fois, et se distingue par ses deux  phrases : une première à 3 temps, et une seconde avec une hémiole  (procédé consistant à placer un rythme binaire dans une mesure ternaire,  comme c’est le cas ici). Le décalage entre la première et la seconde  partie de ce motif rythmique apporte une dynamique particulière au thème  dans le film, une alchimie musicale qui complète harmonieusement le  rythme du film. Niveau thème, « North by Northwest » contient ainsi un  Love Theme (« Conversation Piece ») particulièrement romantique et suave  pour la romance entre Thornhill et Eve dans le film. A noter d’ailleurs  que ce très beau Love Theme est quasiment calqué sur un autre thème  romantique d’une oeuvre précédente du compositeur, « White Witch Doctor »  (La Sorcière Blanche) pour le film de Henry Hathaway datant de 1953. Le  dit thème rappelle aussi le « Tristan & Isolde » de Wagner, une  influence majeure chez le compositeur que l’on ressentait déjà  brillamment dans la partition de « Vertigo ». Herrmann nous offre aussi  un motif de suspense accompagnant les moments de tension du film -  lorsque les hommes de Vandamm recherchent Thornhill par exemple. Ce  motif associé à Vandamm et interprété bien souvent aux cordes est  emprunté à la partition de « On Dangerous Ground » (1952) et apparaît  clairement dans « The Cafeteria » ou « Kidnapped ». Il se distingue  ainsi par sa mélodie chromatique plutôt menaçante et inquiétante. Enfin,  un motif secondaire est entendu bien souvent avec le thème lui-même, un  motif qui se distingue par ses notes rapides répétées, parfois aux cors  et parfois aux cordes, accentuant là aussi la dynamique de certaines  séquences - et notamment les scènes où Thornhill voyage ou se déplace  d’un lieu à un autre. On l’entend d’ailleurs très clairement dans « The  Streets ».


La musique d'Hermann suit parfaitement le suspense et  la tension du film, avec, comme toujours chez le compositeur, des  orchestrations très élaborées et très riches, des thèmes d’une grande  qualité - le célèbre fandango dansant et frénétique de l’ouverture - et  des harmonies bien souvent complexes, à la fois tonale, modales et  parfois atonales (comme souvent chez le compositeur). Un morceau comme «  Kidnapped » est assez représentatif du compositeur : une musique aux  notes tenues, à l’ambiance latente, dominée par des clarinettes graves -  une marque de fabrique du compositeur. Herrmann développe ici le thème  menaçant de Vandamm aux cordes. La fandango principale revient dans la  fameuse scène de la voiture dans « The Wild Ride », sans aucun doute  l’une des musiques de course poursuite les plus spectaculaires du  compositeur, avec son orchestre sans cesse mouvant et ses nombreux  effets de dialogue/réponse entre les différents groupes instrumentaux de  l’orchestre : un grand moment de musique de film - dans la scène, la  musique est d’ailleurs magnifiquement mise en valeur, sans dialogue,  avec juste les quelques sons des crissements de pneu de la voiture. Le  thème de Vandamm reste omniprésent comme pour rappeler le danger  constant qui pèse sur Thornhill (« The Return »). Herrmann, qui déclara à  plusieurs reprises ne pas apprécier la technique du leitmotiv, tombe  pourtant ici dans une construction similaire au système des leitmotive  wagnériens. Le compositeur développe constamment ces différents thèmes,  qu’il s’agisse de variantes brèves ou discrètes (« The Elevator » et ses  clarinettes empruntées au motif rythmique du fandango) ou parfois plus  denses et complexes (« The U.N » et ses cordes en trémolos empruntées au  thème de Vandamm). Le thème de Vandamm est d’ailleurs omniprésent  pendant une bonne partie de la musique, comme nous le rappelle «  Information Desk », un thème obsédant et véritablement impressionnant  dans le film, apportant une noirceur et une tension intense dans le  film.


Le thème romantique apparaît dans « Interlude » avec sa  très belle mélodie de hautbois doublée ici d’un ostinato rythmique de  cordes qui continuent d’apporter une énergie assez étonnante pour un  Love Theme de ce genre (même chose dans le très romantique « Duo »).  Ici, comme pour les autres morceaux, Herrmann continue d’accentuer  l’idée du rythme pour rappeler que tout n’est pas encore terminé pour  Thornhill est qu’il est loin d’être sauvé. On retrouve d’ailleurs un  ostinato de cordes similaire dans l’entêtant « Detectives » et jusqu’à «  Conversation Piece », ces trois morceaux ne formant en fait qu’une  seule musique dans le film. Le thème romantique devient ainsi beaucoup  plus présent dans toute la seconde partie du film, comme le rappelle «  The Station » où la mélodie est reprise aux clarinettes aux côtés du  motif secondaire et du thème de la fandango. Le thème romantique revient  de façon plus poignante dans le très beau « Goodbye » où il est confié à  un ensemble de clarinettes. L’action n’est pas en reste avec l’excitant  « The Knife » qui se conclut sur une nouvelle allusion au thème  principal, ou le très agité « The Crash ». On notera d’ailleurs, vers la  fin du film, la façon dont Herrmann s’amuse à développer successivement  un même thème d’un morceau à un autre, comme c’est le cas dans « The  Pad & Pencil », « The Police », « The Auction » et « The Airport »,  qui développent tous les trois le motif secondaire toujours aussi  énergique et rythmé par ses notes rapides répétées inlassablement. La  tension continue de monter dans la dernière partie du film avec des  morceaux plus agités tels que « The Gates » ou le climax d’action, « The  Stones Face », pour la poursuite finale sur le Mont Rushmore. Herrmann  reprend ici les formules rythmiques du fandango accentué par des  percussions plus agressives et très présentes. « On The Rocks » et « The  Cliff » accompagnent ainsi avec brio l’affrontement final au son d’un  fandango plus frénétique que jamais.


Avec « North by Northwest »,  Bernard Herrmann signe donc l’une de ses meilleures partitions pour un  film d’Alfred Hitchcock, une partition cohérente de bout en bout, servie  par une série de leitmotive très soignés et particulièrement bien  développés tout au long du film. Moins psychologique que « Vertigo » et  moins dense que « Psycho », « North by Northwest » est de loin l’une des  partitions les plus accessibles du compositeur pour un film  d’Hitchcock, ce qui ne signifie pas pour autant qu’il s’agit de la moins  intéressante, bien au contraire. Bernard Herrmann démontre ici toute  l’étendue de son savoir-faire et nous rappelle son goût sûr pour des  orchestrations très personnelles et des thèmes concis et mémorables. Sa  musique apporte une tension et une ambiance très forte à l’écran, une  partition qui pourrait d’ailleurs être considérée comme un pur modèle de  musique de thriller à l’hollywoodienne !

by Pascal Dupont 10 May, 2024
Charles Allan Gerhardt English version adapted by Doug Raynes - FRENCH VERSION AND COLLECTION had a reputation as a great conductor, record producer and musical arranger. His major work at RCA on the Classic Film Scores series earned him recognition from film music devotees of Hollywood’s Golden Age, as well as other renowned conductors of his day. Born on February 6, 1927 in Detroit, Michigan, Charles Gerhardt developed a passion for music and percussion instruments from an early age. At the age of five, he took piano lessons, and by the age of nine, had established a solid reputation as an orchestrator and composer. He spent his early school years in Little Rock, Arkansas, then after 10 years, having completed his schooling, moved with his family to Illinois for his military duties, he served in the U.S. Navy during World War II as a chaplain's aide in the Aleutian Islands, then became an active member of the Veterans of Foreign Wars. He went on to study at the University of Illinois, at the College of William and Mary, and later at the University of Southern California. Throughout his time at school Gerhardt was attracted not only to music, but also to the sciences. Passionate about the art of recording, he joined Westminster Records for five years, until the company ceased operations, and then joined Bell Sound. One day, he received a phone call from George Marek to meet with the heads of Reader's Digest, to discuss producing recordings for their mail-order record business; a contact that was to secure his musical future and a rich career spanning more than 30 years. Gerhardt's first job for Reader's Digest was to produce a record; “A Festival of Light Classical Music”; a 12 LP box set that he produced in full. One of Gerhardt's finest projects was the production of another 12 LP box set, “Les Trésores de la Grande Musique (Treasury of Great Music)”, featuring the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by some of the leading figures of the day: Charles Munch to Bizet and Tchaikovsky, Rudolf Kempe to Strauss and Respighi, Josef Krips to Mozart and Haydn, Antal Dorati to Strauss and Berlioz, Brahms 4th Symphony by Fritz Reiner and Sibelius’ 2nd Symphony by Sir John Barbirolli. In the 1950s he conducted works by Vladimir Horowitz, Wanda Landowska, Kirsten Flagstad and William Kapeli. In the early 1960s, Gerhardt lived in England, where he made most of his recordings, but kept a foothold in the United States, mainly in New York. Often, when he went to the United States after a period of recording sessions, he would stop off in Baltimore and spend some time listening to cassettes of his new recordings. Gerhardt loved percussion instruments, especially tam-tams. One of his favorite recordings was the Columbia mono disc of Scriabin's Poem of Ecstasy, with Dimitri Mitropoulos and the New York Philharmonic. He had great admiration and respect for the many conductors he worked with, starting with Arturo Toscanini, with whom he worked for several years before the Maestro's death. It was Toscanini who suggested that Gerhardt become a conductor, which he did! His career as an orchestra director began when he had to replace a conductor who failed to show up for rehearsals. It was a position he would later occupy for various recording sessions and occasional concerts. His classical recordings include works by Richard Strauss, Tchaikovsky, Wagner, Ravel, Debussy, Walton and Howard Hanson. Hired by RCA Records, he transferred 78 rpm recordings of Enrico Caruso and other artists to 33 rpm. He took part in recordings by soprano singer Kirsten Flagstad and pianist Vladimir Horowitz. He worked with renowned conductors such as Fritz Reiner, Leopold Stokowski and Charles Munch, from whom he learned the tricks of the trade. Still at RCA, he assisted Arturo Toscanini, with whom he perfected his conducting skills. Then, in 1960, he produced recordings for RCA and Reader’s Digest in London, and joined forces with sound engineer Kenneth Wilkinson of Decca Records (RCA's European subsidiary), The two men got on very well and shared a passion for recording and sound quality, making an incredible number of recordings over a 30-year period. Also in 1960, RCA and Reader's Digest entrusted him with the production of a 12-disc LP box set entitled “ Lumière du Classique (A Festival of Light Classical Music) ”, sold exclusively by mail order. With a budget of $250,000, Gerhardt assumed total control of the project: repertoire, choice of orchestras and production. He recorded in London, Vienna and Paris, and hired such top names as Sir Adrian Boult, Massimo Freccia, Sir Alexander Gibson and René Leibowitz. The success of this project, in terms of both musical quality and sound, earned him recognition from his employers. Other projects of similar scope followed… A boxed set of Beethoven's symphonic works with René Leibowitz and The Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. A boxed set of Rachmaninoff's works for piano and orchestra with Earl Wild, Jascha Horenstein and the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, the above mentioned 12 LP disc set “Trésor de la Grande Musique (Treasury of Great Music)” with the Royal Philharmonic conducted by some of the greatest directors of the time: Fritz Reiner, Charles Munch, Rudolf Kempe, Sir John Barbirolli, Sir Malcolm Sargent, Antal Dorati and Jascha Horenstein, with whom Gerhardt had sympathized. In January 1964 in London, Gerhardt joined forces with Sidney Sax, instrumentalist and conductor, to form a freelance orchestra. This successful group went on to join the National Philharmonic Orchestra of London, an impressive line-up that would later become Jerry Goldsmith's orchestra of choice. With Peter Munves, head of RCA's classical division, he conceived the idea of recording an album devoted exclusively to the film music of Erich Wolfgang Korngold, one of his favorite composers. Enthusiastic about the project, Munves gave Gerhardt carte blanche, and was offered a helping hand by George Korngold, producer and son of the famous Viennese composer, who owned all the copies of his father's scores. The Adventure Began : The Sea Hawk: Classic Film Scores of Erich Wolfgang Korngold. For this first disc, Gerhardt selected 10 scores by Korngold, which he recorded in the Kingsway Hall Studio in London, renowned for its excellent acoustics. The disc thus benefits from optimal recording conditions, favoring at the same time the performances of the National Philharmonic (and its leader, Sidney Sax), a formidable orchestra made up of London's finest musicians and freelance soloists. Each album was recorded in the same studio, with Kenneth Wilkinson as sound engineer and George Korngold as consultant/producer. As soon as it was released, the album's success received strong acclaim in classical music circles and received a feature in Billboard No. 37, a first in this category in December 1972. It took no less than a year to sell the first 10,000 copies in all the specialist record suppliers and the album went on to sell over 38,000 copies, making it the fifth best-selling album in the “classical” category in 1973. On the strength of this success, Peter Munves and RCA entrusted Charles Gerhardt with the production of further discs devoted to other world-renowned composers of Hollywood music. The program includes several albums dedicated to Max Steiner and Erich Wolfgang Korngold plus one each to Miklos Rozsa, Franz Waxman, Dimitri Tiomkin and Bernard Herrmann, followed by 3 volumes associated with specific film stars such as Bette Davis, Errol Flynn and Humphrey Bogart. Then, a disc devoted to Alfred Newman, a composer who was a pillar of the famous Hollywood sound, who Gerhardt admired and had met: “Newman was a charming man, full of good humor. He was friendly, fun and always had a joke. With his eternal black cigar in hand, he was a composer by trade, down-to-earth, discussed little about himself but was a first-rate advisor in my life. “ Gerhardt would consult certain composers in advance about how to recreate suites from their works, or when this wasn't possible, he would rearrange the suites himself and submit them to the composers for approval. "Some critics complained that my suites were too short, but my aim in the case of each album was to present a well-split 'portrait' of the composer, highlighting his many creative facets". Although Korngold, Newman and Steiner were no longer around to lend their support, Gerhardt was lucky enough to still work with Herrmann, Rózsa and Tiomkin as consultants who turned up at the recording studio to lend a hand. Gerhardt also had the idea of creating albums focusing on a single film star. Three specific volumes were devoted to music from the films of Humphrey Bogart, Errol Flynn and Bette Davis. Although these albums suffer from too great a diversity of genres, they still offer the chance to hear and discover rare and previously unpublished compositions. The best conceived album was arguably the one devoted to Bette Davis. Conscious of the important role played by music in her films, the legendary actress took part in the conception of the album, knowing that it favored scores by Max Steiner designed for Warner Bros. The Collection Begins ! Gerhardt's passion for certain composers knows no bounds, but he soon envisages a disc devoted to Miklos Rozsa, including suites for “Spellbound” and “The Red House”, one of his favorite scores, which he will exhume to create one of the longest suites in the series. At the same time, he received various fan wish lists and films to watch, such as “The Four Feathers”, which he had never seen and which gave him the opportunity to discover a splendid score by Miklos Rozsa that he had never heard before. He was disappointed, however, not to be able to conceive a longer “Spellbound” sequel for rights reasons. Despite RCA's full approval, Gerhardt realized that it was not easy to record film music in its original form, as few were ever edited, played and made available for rental. For The Sea Hawks album, things were simpler, as Georges Korngold had copies of his father's scores, and Warner Bros had also archived material in good condition. From the outset, Gerhardt encountered other major problems in the search for and discovery of scores hidden away in other studios, often with the unpleasant surprise of discovering missing or incomplete conductors, or others heavily modified by orchestrators during recording sessions, or the surprise of discovering, in certain cases, instrumentation information noted in shorthand on the edges of the conductor score. For the disc dedicated to Max Steiner, for example, the conductor score for “King Kong” had disappeared from the RKO archives, having been shipped in 1950 to poorly maintained warehouses in Los Angeles where it had become totally degraded and illegible. With the help of Georges Korngold, Gerhardt was able to reconstruct a substantial suite from the piano models left by Steiner at the time. This experience was repeated when the conductor score for Dimitri Tiomkin's “The Thing” was discovered in the same warehouse, in an advanced state of disintegration. Fortunately for Gerhardt, Tiomkin, who was still alive, had been able to provide precise piano maquettes with orchestration information in shorthand, revealing a complex and highly innovative style of writing. Tiomkin always composed at the piano, inscribing very specific information and signs on the edges of the scores in pencil, an ingenious system of his own invention that was difficult to decipher. “Revisiting the score of ‘The Thing from Another World’ was a complex task, involving experimental passages and an unorthodox orchestra. You can understand that I had a huge job on my hands. When I approached the recording sessions, it was not without some trepidation. However, the composer present made no criticism or comment on my work, and was delighted. He was delighted.” For “Gone With The Wind”, Steiner was against the idea of remaking a complete soundtrack, as he felt that too many passages were repeated. It was an opportunity for him to revisit his own score, integrating his favorite melodies. This synthesis gave him the opportunity to revitalize his music by eliminating the least interesting parts of the score. Conceived as long suites or isolated themes, the discs reflect the essence of the composers' work. The “Classic Film Scores” series by Franz Waxman, Bernard Herrmann and Miklos Rozsa etc will become a big hit with collectors. For Gerhardt, this will be an opportunity to unearth forgotten or rare scores such as Herrmann's “The White Witch” and “On a Dangerous Ground”, Hugo Friedhofer's “The Sun Also Rises” and early recordings for Waxman's “Prince Valliant” and Rozsa's “The Red House”, all with new, impeccable acoustics. For “Elisabeth and Essex”, Erich Korngold had already prepared a suite in the form of an Overture, which was given its world premiere in a theater. The suite for “The Adventures of Robin Hood” also pre-existed. Franz Waxman created his own suite for “A Place in the Sun”, which was also performed in concert. Dimitri Tiomkin, Miklos Rozsa and Bernard Herrmann acted as consultants and contributed arrangements to their scores. For the continuation of “White Witch Doctor”, Bernard Herrman added percussion to link the different musical tableaux. He did the same for the different parts of “Citizen Kane”. Miklos Rozsa saw an opportunity to add a male choir to the suite from “The Jungle Book”, based on an idea by Charles Gerhardt. For the record dedicated to Errol Flynn, Gerhardt re-orchestrated the theme “The Lights of Paris” from Hugo Friedhofer's “The Sun also Rises”, as the original was no longer available. “I wanted to go back to that time and systematically explore the very substance of the great film scores of the late 30s and 40s, sending them back directly to their images as dramatic entities. The desire to rediscover tunes we know and to take into account the contexts in which they were originally used. I decided to recreate these scores with their original orchestrations, and this could only be done by returning to the ultimate sources, as the composers had originally conceived them.” Keen to open up the collection to other genres, such as science fiction, Gerhardt dedicated two further albums to the series in 1992. The first featured contemporary sequels to “Star Wars” and “Close Encounters of the Third Kind”, promoting the work of John Williams, a leading composer of new film music. Then another called “The Spectacular World of Classic Film Scores”, presenting a disappointing compilation of scores that had already been recorded, except for the creation of a sequel to Dimitri Tiomkin's “The Thing From Another World” and Daniele Amfitheatrof's rarely heard theme “Dance of the Seven Voiles” from Salome. In 1978, the collection was published in Spain by RCA Cinema Treasures. In the USA and Europe, the Classic Film Scores LP series was reissued in the early 80s with a black art deco cover and colored star index. All Volumes in the First Series Were Reissued : By the end of the '80s, the series was running out of steam, and Charles Gerhardt planned to relaunch his collection with albums dedicated to famous American actresses, a new volume for Max Steiner and the Western, a volume reconstructing the score of Waxman's “The Bride of Frankenstein”, followed by volumes devoted to Alex North, Hugo Friedhofer, Victor Young and Elmer Bernstein... But RCA would not support Gerhardt in these projects, preferring to release the collection on CD for the first time. In early 1990, RCA asked Gerhardt to supervise and co-produce the collection, which he saw as an opportunity to revisit some of the volumes, inserting tracks that had not appeared on the LPs or extending certain suites. The volume devoted to Franz Waxman, “Sunset Boulevard”, was the first to be released. The CD did not benefit from any particular promotion, but sold very well, as did the other CDs that followed... A collection marked by a new design in silver pantone. The CDs series was reissued in 2010, still under the RCA Red Seal label, but distributed by Sony Music Entertainment. RCA Victor's Classic Films Scores series represents a unique collection in the history of film music recordings. 14 recordings of rare quality, produced by Georges Korngold and Charles Gerhardt to become one of the revelations of the reissue phenomenon. Other Concepts... Later, Gerhardt spent most of his time in London, continuing to make recordings. After retiring from RCA in 1986, he returned to independent work for Readers Digest and other record labels, a position he held in production and musical supervision until 1997. Since 1991 he had lived in Redding, California. In later years, he did not appear professionally, refusing all public invitations because of his desire to remain discreet. In his entourage he was close to three cousins, Lenore L Engel and Elizabeth Anne Schuetze, both living in San Antonio, and cousin Steven W Gerhardt of St. Pete Beach, Florida. In late November 1998 Charles Gerhardt was diagnosed with brain cancer and died of complications following surgery on February 22, 1999. He was 72 years old. Thus ends this tribute to Charles Gerhardt and the most famous collection of film music records: The Classic Film Scores series.
by Doug Raynes 24 Jan, 2024
Following on from Tadlow’s epic recording of El Cid, the same team – Nic Raine conducting and James Fitzpatrick producing – have turned their attention to a completely different type of epic film for the definitive recording of Ernest Gold’s Academy Award winning score for Otto Preminger’s Exodus (1960). The score is something of a revelation because aside from the main theme, the music has received little attention through recordings. Additionally the sound quality of the original soundtrack LP was disappointing and much music was deleted or cut from the film.
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