An Interview with Jean-Claude Petit by Marco Werba
Originally published in Soundtrack Magazine Vol.11 / No.44 / 1992
Text reproduced by kind permission of the publisher, Luc van de Ven
Five years after the international success of CYRANO, Jean-Claude Petit reunites with Jean-Paul Rappeneau for a new adventure with LE HUSSARD SUR LE TOIT, French cinema's flagship budget and this fall's cinematic event. After taking a step back from his year's work, Jean-Claude Petit was kind enough to answer our questions about this long-awaited score. It's worth noting that soundtracks are very much in the spotlight on classical labels, since this one and a compilation of his film scores have been released by Auvidis!
A year ago, you told us you wanted to write a Requiem. Was it for this film?
Yes, after reading Jean Giono's novel, it seemed to me that, since the story was set against a backdrop of cholera, the music could be done with choirs. I spoke to Jean-Paul Rappeneau about it, and it wasn't impossible that it could be done. However, the film was going to be long, and we felt that using music in the form of a Requiem would have slowed the pace of the film and worked against it. This heavy, ponderous feel may have suited the story, but it didn't suit Rappeneau's style. As soon as I saw the first images of the film, I knew that my idea of a Requiem wasn't going to work. So I gave up on that direction, but I didn't want the music to resemble the film.
How did you go about making your choices?
Jean-Paul kept telling me that the music had to be romantic. In fact, he and René Cleitman, the producer, wanted to take the film in the direction of something less sad and dramatic than what we were talking about earlier. They pushed me a little in that direction, perhaps thinking that the film would never be romantic enough if the music didn't reveal the bonds that unite the two characters. So the idea of romance was very much an interior one, and the film's interior is expressed through the music.
How did you achieve this?
I tried to do it by drawing inspiration from Brahms and his school, which I felt were closer to the film, but also to nature and the wide-open spaces that make it up. I myself felt close to this aesthetic. The main theme of Le Hussard therefore came to me in a very Brahmsian spirit, at once romantic and profound. It was symphonic music, and that's what Jean Paul wanted for these images. Also, you'll notice that the theme is less catchy than that of CYRANO. It doesn't explode, precisely because the very character of the HUSSARD, despite his extraordinary adventure, remains introverted, speaking very little and not revealing his feelings. In fact, the whole story, with its backdrop of death, didn't allow for that.
How did you worked that out with Jean Paul Rappeneau?
I always have long discussions with him about the music. That's how the first choices are made. It helps to eliminate certain ideas. For example, we eliminated the folkloric aspect of the music, because Giono himself eliminated Provence from his novel. Then I play the themes for him on the piano in front of the film images. This leads to comments on both sides, and allows him to absorb them. On the other hand, like all directors, he rediscovers all the music at the moment of recording, when it is written, orchestrated and developed. But even then, he still has questions and fears, because even if he likes it, he doesn't yet know whether it will suit the images. It's only during the editing process that everything takes shape and his anxieties fade away. It's a job that for the composer is based on his own conviction as well as on the director's trust and sensitivity.
In terms of sound, the aesthetic is very much in the vein of American cinema...
It's true, the music accompanying the scenes of duels, chases and wide-open spaces all contribute to this. In fact, my work in this area is quite similar to that of Hollywood musicians for westerns, whose music often comes from the 19th-century repertoire. There's a real kinship there. Also, the music was mixed very loudly, which is unusual in French cinema. In spite of this, it is always in harmony with the images, making the film a single work.
The music in the film develops in a certain way. Tell us about this concept...
As the film hadn't yet been shot, I had the idea of starting it with a large orchestra, to illustrate the adventurous side of the main character, and ending with the heroine, a sensitive woman in love, with a very pure Brahms piano piece. It's a concept that seemed logical to me, but which surely goes against the grain of what people expect and are used to. It was risky to do it on a film for the general public, but Jean Paul and I wanted it to be just that: no concessions, no easy solutions.
How did you come to choose the Orchestre National de France to play your score?
I came up with the idea with Louis Bricard, the director of the Auvidis record label, who edited the film's soundtrack. We wanted an orchestra with an international reputation and, why not, one that had never recorded film music before. This was the case with the National. It was a great pleasure to conduct them, as they were extraordinarily kind and competent. They really enjoyed the experience, and are ready to do it again. What's more, these musicians are just as capable as their colleagues abroad, contrary to what some of our composers may say and think!
Like Le Hussard, we're seeing more and more of the major classical labels releasing film soundtracks. How do you explain this craze?
It's often music of a classical nature that is released by these labels, and that's quite logical from a cultural and marketing point of view. For my part, I owe it to the sympathy of Louis Bricard, who generally makes great efforts to promote film music. I'm all the more touched that he wanted to do it, as it wasn't very easy to sell. Today, like DTS for "Le Hussard", film music also benefits from sound technology. The more these techniques evolve, the more importance is attached to the music they convey. The fact that we see and hear great orchestras playing film music also contributes to its popularity. In fact, today, who can deny its existence?
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